As leader
- 1957: New Trombone (Prestige)
- 1957: Curtis Fuller with Red Garland (New Jazz) – with Red Garland
- 1957: Curtis Fuller and Hampton Hawes with French Horns (Status) – with Hampton Hawes
- 1957: The Opener (Blue Note)
- 1957: Bone & Bari (Blue Note)
- 1957: Jazz …It’s Magic! (Regent)
- 1957: Curtis Fuller Volume 3 (Blue Note)
- 1958: Two Bones (Blue Note)
- 1959: Sliding Easy (United Artists)
- 1959: Blues-ette (Savoy)
- 1959: The Curtis Fuller Jazztet (Savoy) – with Benny Golson
- 1959: Imagination (Savoy)
- 1960: Images of Curtis Fuller (Savoy)
- 1960: Boss of the Soul-Stream Trombone (Warwick)
- 1961: The Magnificent Trombone of Curtis Fuller (Epic)
- 1961: South American Cookin’ (Epic) – with Zoot Sims
- 1961: Soul Trombone (Impulse!)
- 1962: Cabin in the Sky (Impulse!) – arranged and conducted by Manny Albam
- 1971: Crankin’ (Mainstream)
- 1972: Smokin’ (Mainstream)
- 1978: Four on the Outside (Timeless)
- 1978: Fire and Filigree (Bee Hive)
- 1979: Giant Bones ’80 (Sonet)
- 1980: Giant Bones at Nice (Ahead)
- 1982: Curtis Fuller Meets Roma Jazz Trio (Timeless)
- 1993: Blues-ette Part II (Savoy)
- 2003: Up Jumped Spring (Delmark)
- 2003: Keep It Simple (Savant)
- 2010: I Will Tell Her
- 2011: The Story of Cathy and Me (Challenge Records) with Lester Walker, Daniel V Bauerkemper Sr., Akeem Marable, Heny Conerway III, Clarence Levy, Nick Rosen, Kenny Banks Jr, Brandy Brewer, Kevin Smith, Tia Michelle Rouse
- 2012: Down Home
As sideman
With Art Blakey
With John Coltrane
With Sonny Clark
With Lou Donaldson
With Kenny Dorham
With Gil Evans
With Art Farmer
- Brass Shout (United Artists, 1959)
With Dizzy Gillespie
- The Dizzy Gillespie Reunion Big Band (MPS, 1968)
With Benny Golson
- The Other Side of Benny Golson (Riverside, 1958)
- Gone with Golson (New Jazz, 1959)
- Groovin’ with Golson (New Jazz, 1959)
- Gettin’ with It (New Jazz, 1959)
- Meet the Jazztet (Argo, 1960) – with Art Farmer
- Take a Number from 1 to 10 (Argo, 1961)
- Pop + Jazz = Swing (Audio Fidelity, 1961) – also released as Just Jazz!
With Hampton Hawes
With Jimmy Heath
- The Thumper
With Joe Henderson
With Freddie Hubbard
With Philly Joe Jones
- Drums Around the World
- Together! (Atlantic, 1961) – with Elvin Jones
With Quincy Jones
With Clifford Jordan
With Yusef Lateef
- Jazz for the Thinker (Savoy, 1957)
- Jazz Mood (Savoy, 1957)
- Before Dawn: The Music of Yusef Lateef (Verve, 1957)
With Abbey Lincoln
- It’s Magic (Riverside, 1958)
With Jackie McLean
- A Long Drink Of The Blues
- Makin’ The Changes
With Blue Mitchell
With Hank Mobley
With Lee Morgan
With Bud Powell
With Wayne Shorter
With Jimmy Smith
With Stanley Turrentine
With Phil Woods
- Rights Of Swing